Adherencia farmacológica y metas cardiometabólicas en infarto agudo de miocardio reperfundido exitosamente

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Carlo Alberto Fabela-Hardy https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9673-7671
Luis Antonio Moreno-Ruiz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5339-3504
Yatzil Necoechea-Osuna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7476-188X
Diana Romero-Zertuche https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-9110
Eduardo Almeida-Gutiérrez https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7122-7358
Karina Lupercio-Mora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0207-7488
Luis Efrén Santos-Martínez https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2866-3047

Palabras clave

Evaluación del Cumplimiento de la Medicación, Infarto Agudo de Miocardio, Enfermedades Cardiovasculares

Resumen

Introducción: la adherencia al tratamiento en la prevención secundaria del infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST (IAMCEST) mejora la supervivencia y la calidad de vida.


Objetivo: medir la adherencia al tratamiento y su asociación con la frecuencia de cumplimiento de las metas cardiometabólicas en sujetos con IAMCEST.   


Material y métodos: se incluyeron 157 adultos con IAMCEST < 12 horas, con reperfusión exitosa y en fase 3 de rehabilitación cardiaca; se recolectaron variables demográficas, se midió la adherencia y el cumplimiento de las metas cardiometabólicas. Se hizo análisis univariado, bivariado (chi cuadrada, t de Student o U de Mann-Whitney de acuerdo con la distribución) y multivariado de regresión logística (p < 0.05).


Resultados: la adherencia fue de 75%, con mayor porcentaje de sujetos en metas de colesterol LDL (54% vs. 21%, p < 0.001), triglicéridos (79% vs. 46%, p < 0.001) y hemoglobina glucosilada (63% vs. 23%, p < 0.001) frente al grupo sin adherencia. La adherencia es un factor independiente para el cumplimiento de las metas cardiometabólicas con una odds ratio (OR) de 9.8 (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 3.6-16.3; p < 0.001).

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